21. adopt /?'d?pt/

　　v. 采用；收养

　　拓宽

　　adopt a suggestion/view/way 采用主张/观念/办法

　　adopt a child/dog 收养孩子/狗

　　adoption n. 采用；收养

　　adoptive a. 选用的; 有收养联络的

　　adopted a. 被收养的

　　an ~ son 养子

　　例句

　　①The aged couple adopted an deserted baby.

　　那对老配偶收养了一个弃婴。

　　②She treated her adopted son as if he were her own child.

　　她对待养子如同他是自个的孩子相同。

　　③If you can not have children of your own, why not consider adoption (adopt)?

　　假定你自个不能生育，何不思考收养一个呢？

　　串记

　　The old man adopted the suggestion sending his adopted daughter to college.

　　老人采用了送他的养女上大学的主张。

　　22. advance /?d'vɑ?ns/

　　v. & n. 推/前/推进；发展/步；提前；预付；

　　a. 预先的

　　拓宽

　　in advance 预先，事前，在前面

　　in advance of在……之前，优于，比……前进，跨越‘

　　make advances 获得前进/发展

　　advance on (upon)更向行进，朝……行进

　　advance to 使提升到…,使提前到…

　　advanced a. 领先的；高档的；深邃的

　　advancement n. 行进，前进；前进

　　例句征询教师aqisu12

　　1）We advanced on the enemy's position under the cover of darkness.

　　咱们在暮色保护下进犯了敌人的阵地。

　　2）Because of reform and opening, China's industrial technology is advancing to ever-higher levels.

　　因为变革翻开,我国的工业技能正向着越来越高的水平打开。

　　3）We must acquire advanced science and technology.

　　咱们必定要把领先的科学技能学到手。

　　分析

　　advance指具体的人或物，也指科学、运动、常识等行进、前进，偏重前进的程度；

　　progress指常常的、持续的或平稳的行进、前进，常用于笼统事物。

　　23. advantage /?d'vɑ?nt?d?/

　　a. 优势；有利条件；利益 (反disadvantage )

　　拓宽

　　be of advantage to 有利于

　　have(get，gain)an advantage over 优(越)于，比……优胜

　　take advantage of 使用，占……廉价；趁……之机

　　to one's advantage＝to the advantage of sb.对或人有利

　　have the advantage of (doing) sth.有(做)……的有利条件

　　例句

　　①Take full advantage of this opportunity to perform and you will have an advantage over your rivals in the performance.

　　充分使用这次扮演的机缘，你就会在扮演方面胜过你的对手。

　　②It might be to your advantage to take a computer course of some kind.

　　学习某种核算机课程可以会对你有利。

　　③Men usually have an advantage over women when hunting for jobs.

　　男人在找作业时一般比女人有优势。

　　串记

　　We have an advantage of resource over Japan. Now the situation is to our advantage. We must take advantage of the advantage to make advances.

　　咱们对日本有本钱优势。如今局势对咱们有利。咱们有必要使用这个优势获得前进。

　　24. advise /?d'va?z/

　　vt. 劝告，?担髡?/p>

　　拓宽

　　advise doing sth. 主张做某事

　　advise sb. to do sth. 主张或人做某事

　　advise sb．of sth．把一陈述(告诉)或人

　　advise that … (should) do sth. 主张或人做某事

　　advise with sb．on(about)sth．同或人协商某事

　　advice [U] 主张；劝告

　　give advice on 就/关于……给予劝告

　　follow/take/adopt advice 遵从/采用主张

　　例句

　　①He gave us some advice on how to improve my English.

　　他就如何前进我的英语水平给了我一些劝告。

　　②The chief physician advised with the patient's husband on the operation．

　　主治医生就手术疑问与患者丈夫协商。

　　③I will keep you advised of the state of the market．

　　我随时向你陈述商场行情。

　　④I advise you to reconsider your decision．

　　我主张你从头思考你的抉择。

　　串讲

　　My adviser advised the boss should adopt the doctor’s advice.

　　我的参谋主张老板采用医生的主张。

　　分析

　　advise后边可以接sb. to do sth. 名词advice不可以数；

　　suggest不可以以接sb. to do sth.；名词suggestion可数。

　　25. affect /?'fekt/

　　vt. 影响(同influence)；感染(同infect)；

　　vi. 喜爱

　　拓宽

　　affection n. 喜爱，倾慕；感/恋爱(常复)→affectionate a. 厚意的

　　effect n. 影响；作用，作用 →effective a. 有作用的

　　have an effect on 对……有影响

　　greenhouse effect 温室效应

　　side effect 副作用

　　in effect 实践上，收效

　　bring/put …into effect 使收效

　　take effect 收效起作用

　　come into effect 初步收效/施行

　　例句

　　No one can change you; others can only affect you.

　　没有人能改动你，别人只能影响你。

　　串记

　　Your affections for her may affect her study. Though love is a rich great affection, it has a bad effect on an immature teen.

　　你对她的豪情会影响她的学习。尽管恋爱是丰厚巨大的豪情，可是对不老到的少年有不好的影响。

　　分析

　　influence，affect，effect都有"影响”意思。

　　influence一般指经过?怠⑿形蚴髁裱锤亩蛔愿龅男形蛩嘉乔币颇挠跋欤部芍柑烊涣Φ淖饔?/p>

　　affect指满足能致使反应或引出相应反应的影响要素，偏重指派事物遭到不良的影响或指一自个的豪情遭到某种影响

　　effect偏重指发生或构成的成果、作用、效能、影响和作用等。

　　后两词均可接on。

　　标明“影响”时influence和affect可作及物动词或名词，而effect只作名词。

　　Reading in bed has affected his eye sight．

　　在床上读书影响了他的视力。

　　Influenced by a high school biology teacher，he took up the study of medicine．

　　他受一位中学生物教师的影响，初步学习医学。

　　26. afford /?'fd/

　　vt. 担负得起（……的费用）；承担得起(时刻、成果等)；抽得出（时刻）；供给

　　拓宽

　　(1) afford to do sth. 担负得起做某事(的费用)

　　afford sb. sth. ＝ afford sth. to sb.

　　给予或人某物；供给给或人某物

　　(2) affordable adj. 能承担得起的

　　affordably adv. 付得起地

　　例句

　　①The price of homes goes up and people from the area cannot afford to buy a house there.

　　房子的价格涨了上去，本区域的人在那儿都买不起房子了。

　　②Television and the Internet afford many people much pleasure.＝Television and the Internet afford much pleasure to many people.

　　电视和网络给许多人带来很大的快乐喜爱。

　　③Those poor and needy teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy affordably priced bikes.

　　那些贫穷的青少年振奋地发如今角落处有一家商铺，在那里他们可以买到价格实惠的自行车。

　　点津

　　afford意为“买得起，担负得起”时，常与can, could, be able to连用，后接名词、代词或不定式。

　　串记

　　The work will afford me a chance of promotion and lots of money. I can afford tomake a trip abroad, but I can’t afford the time.这个作业将会为我供给提升的机缘以及许多金钱。我有钱出国休假，可是抽不出时刻。

　　27. afraid /?'fre?d/

　　a. 惧怕的(同scared)；忧虑

　　拓宽

　　be afraid of 惧怕 (同fear)

　　be afraid of doing sth. 忧虑/惧怕发生某事

　　be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事

　　be afraid (that) 从句忧虑某事

　　I’m afraid. 恐怕(同fear)；怅惘

　　例句

　　All people like to be successful but afraid of failure.

　　一切的人都喜爱成功，可是却惧怕失利。

　　串记

　　I am afraid of strangers. I’m afraid to go out in the daytime. I’m afraid of meetingnew people because I’m afraid (that) they will laugh at me.

　　我怕陌生人。我不敢白日出去。我忧虑遇到生人，怕他们讪笑我。

　　28. against /?'genst; ?'ge?nst/

　　prep. 对着，对立(反for)；违背；敌对；防备；依托，对着；以……为背就粱烘托

　　拓宽

　　be/go against 违背；对立

　　argue/fight/compete against 与……争论/战争/竞赛

　　protest …against 维护……防备……

　　against one’s wishes/will 违背或人的自愿

　　例句

　　No matter what we do, we should at no time go against nature.

　　不管咱们做啥，咱们都决不能违背天然规则。

　　串记

　　Because he fought against his desk mate, which went against the rules. The teacher told him to stand against the wall. Of course,it was against his wishes.

　　因为他跟同桌打架违背了规则。教师叫他靠墙站着，当然他不甘心。

　　29. agree /?'gri?/

　　v. 附和；容许(反disagree)

　　拓宽

　　agree with 附和（观念、观点）；共同；（食物、气候等）习气（或人）

　　agree to 附和（方案、抉择、组织等）

　　agree on（在某事上）达到共同

　　agree to do sth. 附和做某事

　　agreeable a．令人开心的;合适的；易共处的

　　agreement n．附和；共同;协议，协议(书)

　　arrive at(come to)an agreement 达到协议

　　in agreement with 与……共同，依照，契合

　　make an agreement with 与……达到协议

　　例句

　　①We agree with what you say．

　　咱们附和你所说的定见。

　　②They agreed on a date for the next meeting.

　　他们就下次会议的日期达到了协议。

　　③We agree to their proposal．

　　咱们附和了他们的主张。

　　④This bill doesn't agree with my calculations．

　　这份账单跟我的核算成果纷歧致。

　　⑤The climate here does not agree with me．

　　这儿的气候对我不合适。

　　串记

　　Though I disagree with some items in the agreement, I will agree to sign it. After all, you’re an agreeable boss.

　　尽管我不附和协议中的一些条款，但我附和签署。究竟，你是个和蔼可亲的老板。

　　30. aim /e?m/

　　n. 意图(同purpose)；方针(同goal)；

　　v. 方案，方案(同plan)；瞄准；关于

　　拓宽

　　(1)take aim at ...瞄准……；对准……

　　with the aim of ... 意图是……

　　achieve one's aim 抵达或人的方针

　　(2)aim at/be aimed at (doing) sth.

　　瞄准，对准；旨在(做)某事

　　aim to do sth. 方针是做某事

　　(3)aimless adj. 漫无意图的

　　aimlessly adv. 漫无意图地

　　例句

　　①I'm aiming to lose 4 kilograms before the summer holidays.

　　我的方针是暑假前体重减轻四公斤。

　　②Don't argue aimlessly. Let's sit down and talk things over.

　　别漫无边缘地争论了，咱们坐下来谈论一下吧。

　　③Aimed at improving the level of English, English Corner is held once a week.

　　为了前进英语水平，英语角每周举办一次。

　　串记

　　While at high school, Bill aimed high, when he entered college, he led an aimless life. Joining in a project which is aimed at helping those lost aim, he aimed to change hislife.

　　比尔上高中时方针很高，当他上大学时，他过着没有方针的日子。参加一个旨在协助那些失掉方针的人的项目，他的方针是改动他的日子。